7 INSIGHT | Focus On Interconnectors make it possible for countries to import zero-carbon energy from other regions to supplement their own generation mix. Or they can import energy when renewable source yields drop – for example, solar farms at night. That allows countries to maximize their clean use of energy resources and phase out fossil sources. High-potential renewable energy areas, such as a solar park in a desert region, are often located very far from the areas where power is consumed. Long-distance transmission interconnections can ensure this energy is transported efficiently to these areas, as well as other countries with relatively little sunlight. Countries experiencing vast amounts of wind at any given moment can share the generated energy with other areas. As a result, countries can reduce their dependency on fossil fuels they may need to support their local renewable sources. In addition, interconnection can also help keep power affordable. If prices in one area increase, power can immediately be imported from countries where generation is less expensive. It’s also possible to react immediately to changes in demand, without needing to start up fossil fuel-based backup power. By transporting zero-carbon energy from where it is produced to where it is required, interconnectors can help cut CO2 emissions in order to reach net zero. As interconnector capacity increases, the role of interconnectors in supporting decarbonization is expected to increase. Global and intercontinental power grid interconnections offer significant potential to decarbonize the electrical systems by making smart use of renewable energy and balance supply and demand across regions and time zones. By bringing together load centers and areas that can produce high volumes of renewable power, intercontinental grid interconnection may, in time, result in a global power grid.
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